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1 Herschel, John Frederick William
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 7 March 1792 Slough, Englandd. 11 May 1871 Collingwood, England[br]English scientist who introduced "hypo" (thiosulphate) as a photographic fixative and discovered the blueprint process.[br]The only son of Sir William Herschel, the famous astronomer, John graduated from Cambridge in 1813 and went on to become a distinguished astronomer, mathematician and chemist. He left England in November 1833 to set up an observatory near Cape Town, South Africa, where he embarked on a study of the heavens in the southern hemisphere. He returned to England in the spring of 1838, and between 1850 and 1855 Herschel served as Master of the Royal Mint. He made several notable contributions to photography, perhaps the most important being his discovery in 1819 that hyposulphites (thiosulphates) would dissolve silver salts. He brought this property to the attention of W.H.F. Talbot, who in 1839 was using a common salt solution as a fixing agent for his early photographs. After trials, Talbot adopted "hypo", which was a far more effective fixative. It was soon adopted by other photographers and eventually became the standard photographic fixative, as it still is in the 1990s. After hearing of the first photographic process in January 1839, Herschel devised his own process within a week. In September 1839 he made the first photograph on glass. He is credited with introducing the words "positive", "negative" and "snapshot" to photography, and in 1842 he invented the cyanotype or "blueprint" process. This process was later to be widely adopted by engineers and architects for the reproduction of plans and technical drawings, a practice abandoned only in the late twentieth century.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnight of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order 1831. Baronet 1838. FRS 1813. Copley Medal 1821.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography, 1968, Vol. IX, pp. 714–19.H.J.P.Arnold, 1977, William Henry Fox Talbot, London; Larry J.Schaaf, 1992, Out of the Shadows: Herschel, Talbot and the Invention of Photography, Newhaven and London (for details of his contributions to photography and his relationship with Talbot).JWBiographical history of technology > Herschel, John Frederick William
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2 Herschel
m.1 Herschel, Sir John Frederick William Herschel.2 Herschel, Sir Frederick William Herschel. -
3 John Herschel
m.John Herschel, Sir John Frederick William Herschel. -
4 Herschel
n. 허셜, Sir John Frederick William(영국의 천문학자), Sir William(독일태생의 영국 천문학자, 1의 아버지, 천왕성을 발견) -
5 Photography, film and optics
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Ding HuanGabor, DennisKlic, KarolLippershey, HansMarton, LadislausTournachon, Gaspard FélixBiographical history of technology > Photography, film and optics
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6 Гершель, Джон
John Frederick William Herschel
См. также в других словарях:
John Frederick William Herschel — John Herschel Sir John Frederick William Herschel (* 7. März 1792 in Slough bei Windsor; † 11. Mai 1871 in Hawkhurst, Kent) war ein britischer Astronom. John Herschel war der Sohn von Wilhelm Herschel und wurde zunächst Jurist. Später wandte er… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Herschel , Sir (Frederick) William — (1738–1822) German–British astronomer Herschel, who was born in Hannover, started life in the same occupation as his father – an oboist with the band of the Hannoverian footguards. He moved permanently to England in 1757, where he worked as a… … Scientists
John Frederick William Herschel — John Herschel Pour les articles homonymes, voir Herschel. Sir John Herschel, par Julia Margaret Cameron, 1867 Sir John Frederick William Herschel ( … Wikipédia en Français
Herschel , Sir John Frederick William — (1792–1871) British astronomer. See Herschel, Sir (Frederick) William … Scientists
Herschel, Sir John Frederick William — (1792 1871) Born in Slough, Buckinghamshire, he was the son of Sir William Herschel, the celebrated astronomer who discovered the planet Uranus. John graduated from St. John s College, Cambridge, in 1813, was immediately elected to a… … British and Irish poets
Herschel, Sir John Frederick William — (1792 1871) S. of Sir William H., the eminent astronomer and discoverer of the planet Uranus, was b. at Slough, and ed. at Camb., where he was Senior Wrangler and first Smith s prizeman. He became one of the greatest of English astronomers.… … Short biographical dictionary of English literature
Sir John Frederick William Herschel — noun English astronomer (son of William Herschel) who extended the catalogue of stars to the southern hemisphere and did pioneering work in photography (1792 1871) • Syn: ↑Herschel, ↑John Herschel, ↑Sir John Herschel • Instance Hypernyms:… … Useful english dictionary
Frederick William Beechey — Vicealmirante Frederick William Beechey Frederick William Beechey Nacimiento … Wikipedia Español
John F. W. Herschel — John Herschel Sir John Frederick William Herschel (* 7. März 1792 in Slough bei Windsor; † 11. Mai 1871 in Hawkhurst, Kent) war ein britischer Astronom. John Herschel war der Sohn von Wilhelm Herschel und wurde zunächst Jurist. Später wandte er… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Herschel-Teleskop — Herschel ist Herschelteleskop: ein geplantes Weltraumteleskop, siehe Herschel Weltraumteleskop ein Spiegelteleskop am Roque de los Muchachos Observatorium diverse historische bodengebundene Teleskope, siehe Wilhelm Herschel Telescopium/Tubus… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Herschel — Notable people or families with the surname Herschel include:* Sir William Herschel (1738 1822), astronomer and composer, discoverer of Uranus * Caroline Lucretia Herschel (1750 1848), astronomer and singer, sister of Sir William Herschel * John… … Wikipedia
